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Potential for Transmission

The practice of masturbating a man through manual stimulation of the erect penis, or of masturbating a woman by manual stimulation of the clitoris, carries no risk for the person holding the penis or fingering the clitoris unless there are cuts, burns, abrasions or rashes on the fingers or hand that come into contact with pre-cum, semen or vaginal fluid. This risk can be greatly reduced by using a latex glove.

Evidence of Transmission

There are no documented cases of transmission through masturbation of a male or female partner.

Assessment of Risk of HIV Transmission

Masterbater (Giving)

With latex glove: No risk

Without latex glove: No risk (provided there are no open sores or rashes.)

Masterbated (Receiving)

With latex glove: No risk

Without latex glove: No risk (provided there are no open sores or rashes.)

Potential for Transmission

Insertive sex toys such as dildos, vibrators, "Chinese balls", butt plugs and other objects can cause trauma to the mucosal lining of the rectum or vagina. Although not directly transmitting HIV, this trauma can promote the possibility of later transmission by opening a portal of entry for HIV to enter the blood stream. Cleaning the insertive toy after use can reduce this risk. The toy should be washed thoroughly with hot water and soap, or disinfected by soaking it in bleach or rubbing alcohol and thoroughly rinsing with clean water.

Evidence of Transmission

There is evidence of HIV transmission to the receptive partner from the sharing of insertive sex toys.

Assessment of Risk of HIV Transmission

Insertive Toys

Receptive, shared: High risk

Receptive, unshared: No risk

Receptive, cleaned before shared: Negligible risk

With Condom: Low risk

Potential for Transmission

Urination on body (golden showers) No risk

Urination in body: High risk

Vagina-Vagina Rubbing: Negligible risk (contact of blood or menstrual fluid increases risk)